Sundowner Syndrome

Source: Amy Hosier,

UK extension specialist for family life education

If you care for someone with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease you may notice that they get increasingly agitated, anxious, more confused or aggressive as the sun begins to set. These symptoms may be associated with Sundowner Syndrome.

Sundowner Syndrome causes people to be confused at the end of the day and into the night. It is common for individuals who are Sundowning to pace, wander, ignore directions and not sleep well.

While the cause of Sundowner syndrome is not fully understood by scientists, theories to its cause include changes in a person’s internal biological clock, which is controlled by circadian rhythms; changes in body temperature; sleeping disorder; inadequate exposure to light and a side effect to some medication. The shorter and sometimes grayer days of winter can sometimes exacerbate these symptoms.

As a caregiver, various environmental or behavioral changes can help alleviate some of the symptoms associated with sundowning. For example, morning light therapy may help alleviate restlessness, sleeplessness and agitation. Researchers suggest trying to shine a full-spectrum fluorescent lamp on the individual while they are participating in morning activities such as eating breakfast or watching television. Pulling the blinds and turning regular lights on earlier in the evening may also help alleviate stress associated with the sun setting. When possible, it can be helpful to organize daily events and activities, including doctor’s appointments, visits and outings early in the day. Exercise during the day can even increase evening tiredness and lead to a more restful night. A supplement of melatonin has also shown promise in helping individuals cope with sundowner syndrome.

For more information about life changes as we age, contact the Clinton County Cooperative Extension office.

Educational programs of the Kentucky Cooperative Extension serve all people regardless of race, color, age, sex, religion, disability, or national origin.